KATHERINE MANSFIELD “THE GARDEN-PARTY”

KATHERINE MANSFIELD "THE GARDEN-PARTY"

Norboev Nodirali Nodiralinorboev@gmail.com Dinaliyeva Aliya Uzbekistan State World Languages University

Abstract: This article discusses the life and works of the New Zearland&s writer Katherine Mansfield, known for writing short stories. In addition, this article provides information about the work of "the Garden Party".

Katherine Mansfield is a short story writer. she is well known for her short stories about women&s lives and social status, as well as her works that reflect the minds and emotions of women. Katherine Mansfield was one of New Zearland&s most favorite writer who recognized for her modernist short stories and playes an important role in this genre. She spent most of her life in Europe despite being born in New Zearland. As a young woman, she listened to her heart and then in 1918, She married another writer, editor, literary ctitic. She avoided from loneliness to a period of literary creation.They work together in social circles that include some of the most prominent English language writers of the early twentieth century.

In her works she reflected most of the themes related to family values, life, death, social injustice, social division and wars. She discussed beauty and vitality in her works " the Garden-party" short story.

If we look at her life, her life coincided with a time of war. Katherine Mansfield led both creativity and the struggle for life at the same time throughout her life. Much of her life was spent moving from one city to another. She had left her home in New Zealand as soon as possible. Katherine Mansfield biography shows that she was one of the bravest women of the early twentieth century. Not only she was a pioneer in the creation of the modern short story (and thus one of the most important modernist writers), but also many of her short stories were included in the list of the best example of this genre.

Katherine Mansfield was born in 1888, in Wellington province of New Zealand. Her father&s name is Harold Beuchamp. He was a successful merchant. But after some years, as a teenager, she was sent away to a finishing school in London. There she took part in magazine to write short stories. The closest friend of Katherine Mansfield was her classmate Ida Baker. The rest of her life, she became together Ida

Baker. After she finished school, she returned to her own home to Wellington. But unfortunately, when she came to own family, her mother and father was enrolled some courses (secretarial and bookkeeping courses). Her parents wanted her go abroad on her own to live and she left to London in 1908. There she stayed in hostel for unmarried, young women persuing artistic career.

There, Katherine Mansfield suddenly merried to George Bowden. Sometimes she served in the company of the light opera trouple until her mother came to London. As soon as, her mother came to London, they departed to the southern Germany. The summer of that year, she was a pregnant and remained feveral months in Germany. In Germany, her first short story was published in 1911. Her short story was called "in Germany pension ". It was very popular among Germans because she had dedcribed clearly about Germans.

After going back to London in 1912, Katherine Mansfield met with John Midleton Murry the catalyst behind an acclaimed new English literary magazine out of Oxford which called Oxford. Thus, Katherine Mansfield desired to work and a lot of her works were published in Rhythm and its successor, the Blue Review.

The first world war was very hard period for Katherine Mansfield. In this period Katherine Mansfield and John Midleton Murry were living together. And the literary journals which Katherine Mansfield was working, had ceased publication:for a time she was a rewiewer of French books for the Times Literary Supplement. A year later, Katherine Mansfield&s young brother visited to London in order to join the British Army. After Katherine Mansfield&s young brother&s death that year in World War I resolved Katherine Mansfield to further explore their childhood in colonial New Zealand for her stories.

During these years Katherine Mansfield and John Midleton Murry were well acquainted with literary and historical figures such as Lawrence, Virginia woolf, Litton Strachi, and Bertrant Russell. Katherine Mansfield also began writing short stories for "New Age" magazine. In the south of France, she wrote her first major story "Aloe" and was first published in revised from in 1918 under the title "Prelude". This "later set pattern and template for all her work" Gordon wrote to the British Writers.

Thise made her depressed and she did little work for a while. As her mental anguish grew weaker, her illness intensidied. She had been ill since coming to England as a teenager. And by 1916 she and Murray had lived in the south of France to escape the humid and cool cimate, Because her illness depended on climate.

In 1917, Katherine Mansfield was diagnosed with tuberculosis and began spending more time in the south of Frence. The next year, she married John Midleton Murry after she divorced her first husband. In the following period her most famous works were published, including "Je ne parle pas francais" and "Bliss" and other

collections of short stories. "Bliss" is one of her first great short stories. "Bliss" was first published in 1928. She had never written a novel, and her poetry failed to make a mark on the literery world. But because Katherine Mansfield was writing in 1918, these things can be hinted only at through symbolism and suggestion. "Miss Brill" is about a woman who enjoys the beginning of the "season". She goes to her "special" seat with her fur. She had taken it out of its box in the afternoon, shaken off the moth-powder, and given it a brush. She feels that she has a part in the play in the park, and somebody will notice if she isn&t there. A couple sits near her. The girl laughs at her fur and the man says: "Why does she come here at all - who wants her? Why doesn&t she keep her silly old mug at home?" Miss Brill hurries back home, unclasps the neckpiece quickly, and puts it in the box. "But when she put the lid on she thought she heard something crying." Like many of her works, Katherine Mansfield had depicted women as a heroes of the short story.

Katherine Mansfield was too busy writing a short story. Her short stories would often appear in various publications like the Athenaeum, the Nation, and the London Mercury. A lot of short stories which Katherine Mansfield wrote from 1920, till 1921, was published in collection under the name "the Garden Party". Katherine Mansfield&s most famous and favorite story was "the Garden Party" . She never wrote a full-length novel, but she created the short story herself, asking innovators like Anton Chekhov. The title of this short story may be well known. "the Garden Party" it was probable written based on a real accident. Many of the tragedies that be fell her in New Zealand in 1997, like the fate of many women in her class, were a topic for her. Death and loss predominate in her other stories, such as "The Garden Party", "The Flight", and "Six Years After". Mansfield attended literary parties without much enthusiasm: "Pretty rooms and pretty people, pretty coffee, and cigarettes out of a silver tankard... I was wretched." Always outspoken, she was once turned out of an omnibus (a horse-drawn bus) after calling another woman a whore; the woman had declared that all suffragettes ought to be trampled to death by horses

In the last two years of her life, Katherine Mansfield spent much time in Italy and France, eventually staying at a priory in Fontainebleau for a holistic-type cure for her tuberculosis. She sometimes lived apart from her husband John Midleton Murry, however she was always living nearly her closest friend. In the end, in early 1923, New Zealandian famous writer Katherine Mansfield died from tuberculosis as a lung hemorrhage.

Later, after Katherine Mansfield&s death, her husband John Midleton Murry published her works which Katherine Mansfield hadn&t wanted to publish some of own works in the beginning when she was alive.

During her life, she wrote poems and book reviews which her second husband , John Midleton Murry collected and edicted posthumously. John Midleton Murry

edited The Letters of Katherine Mansfield (1928), The Journal of Katherine Mansfield (1927), Definitive Edition (1954), Katherine Mansfield^s Letter to John Middleton Murry (1913-1922) and The Scrapbook of Katherine Mansfield (1939)

In conclusion, Katherine Mansfield&s achievements as an artist were recognized throughout her life and later had a profound impact on many female writers, notable Elizabeth Bowen and Katherine Ann Porter. When she was writing something, she would focus on the influential circle of women. She demonstrated that young girl and teenagers are experiencing life experiences.

"the Garden-party" is an almost autobiographical portrayal work of Katherine Mansfield. Katherine Mansfield had written in thise works about own life experiences. At a glance, Katherine Mansfield&s this short story tells the story of young girl who has a better understanding of life and death. The name of the story&s herois is Laura, a young girl from a wealth, upper class who discovers the reality of life, within the scope of the garden party and the death of the neighbor.

Katherine Mansfield&s childhood hometown was in Wellington, (Zew Zealand) and the event is not expect of an expected age.

The main emphasis in this works is on Laura. We can understand it, as soon as we read it. Laura is actually smart, somple and cheerful girl. She has also several sisters and one brother. In this works, main emphasis had been given to female roles. Male roles are very rare throughout in the story. That is, men are not given almost emphasis. Laura&s thinking differs from Mrs. Sheridan who is her mother.

I don&t think there is a sequence in the story, which makes difficult to understand Laura&s actions. Also the actions of protagonist in the works are not covered at specific times. So, although the work has been called "Garden party", it has little action about party. That is, the work does not absolutely go about the Garden party. In my opinion, this is also an interesting aspect of the work.

Also Symbolism is another feature of the work. The hat which Laura&s mother gave her, was "timmed with gold daisies, and a long black velvet ribbon", syimbolizes the prejudice and heartlessness of Mrs. It is also means that Mrs. Sheridan and Jose did not regarding the poor. In accepting the hat, Laura abandoned her own sympathy and concern about the death. But when Laura visited to the village, she realized own mistakes. After than, she remarked " forgive my hat" in the face of death. She apologied for her ignorance and vanity in disregarding the reality.

The social attitude of the rich to the poor is discribed through Mrs. Sheridan. Mrs. Sheridan and Jose&s point seemed to be different from Laura&s point and contrast view point of Laura. For example. Suggestion of Laura to postpone the party gave a clear information us to understand about how think of the rich people. Because Laura&s neighbor was died. So Laura wants to postpone that the garden party and she gives suggestion to her mother about it. However, her morher. Mrs Sheridan and Jose

refused of Laura&s suggestion. Contrary, her mother tried to confuse Laura with her red hat. Here, Mrs.Sheridan respect and concern that only applies to people in her own position, shows her disrespectful attitude towards th poor.

At one point the story seems to have been written about Laura and her action. But we think more deeply till at the and of the story, this inequality in society shows the attitude of the rich to the poor. So we can see in the same time in this work beauty, wealth, childhood, ugliness, poverty, adulthood, death, life, sorrow and joy, suffering and pleasure. The work is one of the most famous among works of Katherine Mansfield, she has described certain period of her life.

When I observed the "garden party" story, the difference between Sheridan&s rich world and the world of poor is strongly reflected in the images.

References